July 2012
Short-form names of countries are listed below. Authors can also use long-form names. These are set in brackets following the short form name. Click on the letter that the short-form name of the country begins with.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
| Afghanistan | [Islamic Republic of Afghanistan] |
| Albania | [Republic of Albania] |
| Algeria | [People's Democratic Republic of Algeria] |
| Andorra | [Principality of Andorra] |
| Angola | [Republic of Angola] |
| Antigua and Barbuda | [no long-form name] |
| Argentina | [Argentine Republic] |
| Armenia | [Republic of Armenia] |
| Australia | [Commonwealth of Australia] |
| Austria | [Republic of Austria] |
| Azerbaijan | [Republic of Azerbaijan] |
| The Bahamas | [Commonwealth of The Bahamas] |
| Bahrain | [Kingdom of Bahrain] |
| Bangladesh | [People's Republic of Bangladesh] |
| Barbados | [no long-form name] |
| Basque Country | (see below) |
| Belarus | [Republic of Belarus] |
| Belgium | [Kingdom of Belgium] |
| Belize | [no long-form name] |
| Benin | [Republic of Benin] |
| Bhutan | [Kingdom of Bhutan] |
| Bolivia | [Plurinational State of Bolivia] |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | (see below) [no long-form name] |
| Botswana | [Republic of Botswana] |
| Brazil (Brasil) | [Federative Republic of Brazil] |
| Brunei | [Brunei Darussalam] |
| Bulgaria | [Republic of Bulgaria] |
| Burkina Faso | [Burkina Faso] |
| Burma | [Union of Burma] |
| Burundi | [Republic of Burundi] |
| Cambodia | [Kingdom of Cambodia] |
| Cameroon | [Republic of Cameroon] |
| Canada | [no long-form name] |
| Cape Verde | [Republic of Cape Verde] |
| Central African Republic | [Central African Republic] |
| Chad | [Republic of Chad] |
| Chile | [Republic of Chile] |
| China (People's Republic of China) | (see below) [People's Republic of China] |
| China (Republic of China) (Taiwan) | (see below) |
| Colombia | [Republic of Columbia] |
| Comoros | [Union of the Comoros] |
| Congo (Brazzaville) (see below) | [Republic of the Congo] |
| Congo (Kinshasa) (see below) | [Democratic Republic of the Congo] |
| Costa Rica | [Republic of Costa Rica] |
| Côte d'Ivoire | [Republic of Côte d'Ivoire] |
| Croatia | (see below) [Republic of Croatia] |
| Cuba | [Republic of Cuba] |
| Cyprus | [Republic of Cyprus] |
| Czech Republic | [Czech Republic] |
| Denmark | [Kingdom of Denmark] |
| Dijbouti | [Republic of Dijbouti] |
| Dominica | [Commonwealth of Dominica] |
| Dominican Republic | [Dominican Republic] |
| Ecuador | [Republic of Ecuador] |
| Egypt | [Arab Republic of Egypt] |
| El Salvador | [Republic of El Salvador] |
| Equatorial Guinea | [Republic of Equatorial Guinea] |
| Eritrea | [State of Eritrea] |
| Estonia | [Republic of Estonia] |
| Ethiopia | [Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia] |
| European Union | (see below) |
| Fiji | [Republic of Fiji] |
| Finland | [Republic of Finland] |
| France | [French Republic] |
| Gabon | [Gabonese Republic] |
| The Gambia | [Republic of The Gambia] |
| Gaza | (see below) |
| Georgia | [Georgia] |
| Germany | [Federal Republic of Germany] |
| Ghana | [Republic of Ghana] |
| Greece | [Hellenic Republic] |
| Grenada | [no long-form name] |
| Guatemala | [Republic of Guatemala] |
| Guinea | [Republic of Guinea] |
| Guinea-Bissau | [Republic of Guinea-Bissau] |
| Guyana | [Co-operative Republic of Guyana] |
| Haiti | [Republic of Haiti] |
| Holy See | [Holy See] |
| Honduras | [Republic of Honduras] |
| Hong Kong, China | (see below) |
| Hungary | [Hungary] |
| Iceland | [Republic of Iceland] |
| India | [Republic of India] |
| Indonesia | [Republic of Indonesia] |
| Iran | [Islamic Republic of Iran] |
| Iraq | [Republic of Iraq] |
| Ireland | [no long-form name] |
| Israel | [State of Israel] |
| Italy | [Italian Republic] |
| Jamaica | [no long-form name] |
| Japan | [no long-form name] |
| Jordan | [Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan] |
| Kazakhstan | [Republic of Kazakhstan] |
| Kenya | [Republic of Kenya] |
| Kiribati | [Republic of Kiribati] |
| Korea, North | (see below) [Democratic People's Republic of Korea] |
| Korea, South | (see below) [Republic of Korea] |
| Kosovo | [Republic of Kosovo] |
| Kuwait | [State of Kuwait] |
| Kyrgyzstan | [Kyrgyz Republic] |
| Laos | [Lao People's Democratic Republic] |
| Latvia | [Republic of Latvia] |
| Lebanon | [Lebanese Republic] |
| Lesotho | [Kingdom of Lesotho] |
| Liberia | [Republic of Liberia] |
| Libya | [Libya] |
| Liechtenstein | [Principality of Liechtenstein] |
| Lithuania | [Republic of Lithuania] |
| Luxembourg | [Grand Duchy of Luxembourg] |
| Macedonia | (see below) [Republic of Macedonia] |
| Madagascar | [Republic of Madagascar] |
| Malawi | [Republic of Malawi] |
| Malaysia | [no long-form name] |
| Maldives | [Republic of Maldives] |
| Mali | [Republic of Mali] |
| Malta | [Republic of Malta] |
| Marshall Islands | [Republic of the Marshall Islands] |
| Mauritania | [Islamic Republic of Mauritania] |
| Mauritius | [Republic of Mauritius] |
| Mexico | [United Mexican States] |
| Micronesia | [Federated States of Micronesia] |
| Moldova | [Republic of Moldova] |
| Monaco | [Principality of Monaco] |
| Mongolia | [no long-form name] |
| Montenegro | (see below) [Montenegro] |
| Morocco | [Kingdom of Morocco] |
| Mozambique | [Republic of Mozambique] |
| Namibia | [Republic of Namibia] |
| Nauru | [Republic of Nauru] |
| Nepal | [Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal] |
| Netherlands | [Kingdom of the Netherlands] |
| New Zealand | [no long-form name] |
| Nicaragua | [Republic of Nicaragua] |
| Niger | [Republic of Niger] |
| Nigeria | [Federal Republic of Nigeria] |
| Norway | [Kingdom of Norway] |
| Oman | [Sultanate of Oman] |
| Pakistan | [Islamic Republic of Pakistan] |
| Palau | [Republic of Palau] |
| Palestinian Authority | (see below) |
| Panama | [Republic of Panama] |
| Papua New Guinea | [Independent State of Papua New Guinea] |
| Paraguay | [Republic of Paraguay] |
| Peru | [Republic of Peru] |
| Philippines | [Republic of the Philippines] |
| Poland | [Republic of Poland] |
| Portugal | [Portuguese Republic] |
| Puerto Rico | [not an independent nation, but sufficient in byline address] |
| Qatar | [State of Qatar] |
| Romania | [no long-form name] |
| Russia | [Russian Federation] |
| Rwanda | [Republic of Rwanda] |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | [Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis] |
| Saint Lucia | [no long-form name] |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | [no long-form name] |
| Samoa | [Independent State of Samoa] |
| San Marino | [Republic of San Marino] |
| Sao Tome and Principe | [Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe] |
| Saudi Arabia | [Kingdom of Saudi Arabia] |
| Senegal | [Republic of Senegal] |
| Serbia | (see below) [Republic of Serbia] |
| Seychelles | [Republic of Seychelles] |
| Sierra Leone | [Republic of Sierra Leone] |
| Singapore | [Republic of Singapore] |
| Slovakia | [Slovak Republic] |
| Slovenia | (see below) [Republic of Slovenia] |
| Solomon Islands | [no long-form name] |
| Somalia | [no long-form name] |
| South Africa | [Republic of South Africa] |
| South Sudan | [Republic of South Sudan] |
| Spain | [Kingdom of Spain] |
| Sri Lanka | [Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka] |
| Sudan | [Republic of the Sudan] |
| Suriname | [Republic of Suriname] |
| Swaziland | [Kingdom of Swaziland] |
| Sweden | [Kingdom of Sweden] |
| Switzerland | [Swiss Confederation] |
| Syria | [Syrian Arab Republic] |
| Taiwan (Republic of China) | (see below) |
| Tajikstan | [Republic of Tajikstan] |
| Tanzania | [United Republic of Tanzania] |
| Thailand | [Kingdom of Thailand] |
| Timor-Leste | [Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste] |
| Togo | [Togolese Republic] |
| Tonga | [Kingdom of Tonga] |
| Trinidad and Tobago | [Republic of Trinidad and Tobago] |
| Tunisia | [Tunisian Republic] |
| Turkey | [Republic of Turkey] |
| Turkmenistan | [no long-form name] |
| Tuvalu | [no long-form name] |
| Uganda | [Republic of Uganda] |
| Ukraine | [no long-form name] |
| United Arab Emirates | [United Arab Emirates] |
| United Kingdom | [United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland] |
| Uruguay | [Oriental Republic of Uruguay] |
| USA | [United States of America] |
| Uzbekistan | [Republic of Uzbekistan] |
| Vanuatu | [Republic of Vanuatu] |
| Venezuela | [Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela] |
| Vietnam | [Socialist Republic of Vietnam] |
| West Bank | (see below) |
| Yemen | [Republic of Yemen] |
| Yugoslavia | (see below) |
| Zambia | [Republic of Zambia] |
| Zimbabwe | [Republic of Zimbabwe] |
Yugoslavia has ceased to exist under that name. The constituent republics have declared their independence, and have received international recognition. These are as follows:
Bosnia and Herzegovina (one country, not two)
Croatia
Macedonia
Montenegro
Serbia
Slovenia
Addresses in these republics should not include "Yugoslavia."
Serbia and Montenegro, the last units to remain in Yugoslavia, constituted a "union" under their combined name in 2003, and dropped the name of Yugoslavia. In June 2006, they became independent of each other, so the combined name "Serbia and Montenegro" is no longer appropriate.
"Serbian Krayina" was never internationally recognized and is not acceptable.
"People's Republic of China" is mainland China; "Republic of China" is Taiwan. Authors located in mainland China may use either of the following:
People's Republic of China
China
Authors from Taiwan may use either of the following:
Taiwan
Taiwan, Republic of China
However, "Taiwan, China" is not acceptable (mail sent to such an address would have a high probability of being lost forever); insert "Republic of" to remove the ambiguity.
"Congo" is the official short-form name for both the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. U.S. State Department adds the capital in parentheses, an unofficial practice.
"Democratic People's Republic of Korea" is the official name of North Korea; "Republic of Korea" is South Korea. We get few if any papers from North Korea. South Korean authors usually just use "Korea" as byline address; this is acceptable, as is the fuller "Republic of Korea".
At either manuscript or production stage, accept any of:
Hong Kong
Hong Kong, China
Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
Hong Kong SAR
Hong Kong SAR, China
Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
As of 27 April 1999...
Palestine is not currently an internationally recognized entity. "Palestinian Authority," though not recognized as an independent country, is recognized (including by Israel) as having authority in the West Bank and Gaza. Any of the following are acceptable addresses in bylines and byline footnotes for locations in these areas, if supplied by the author:
..., Bethlehem, Palestinian Authority
..., Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestinian Authority
..., Bethlehem, West Bank, via Israel
..., Bethlehem, West Bank
..., Bethlehem
..., Gaza, Palestinian Authority
..., Gaza, via Israel
..., Gaza
The forms ending in "via Israel" are, according to the US Post Office, the appropriate postal addresses. An author may choose to use one of the other acceptable forms in the byline and then have a byline footnote giving the postal address, but this is not required.
As of 3 May 2000
There are legal entities within both Spain and France whose names (translated into English) are "Basque Country." Therefore, addresses ending in
Basque Country, France
Basque Country, Spain
are acceptable, though ones ending in"Basque Country" alone are not. There is a University of the Basque Country (located in the Spanish "Basque Country").
As of 18 July 2012
The European Union is not an independent nation but an organization of which 27 nations are now members. It is acceptable but not required for authors in a member nation to add "European Union" or "EU" after the name of the nation. These items should not be used instead of the name of the nation, and should be handled consistently within a given paper. The members of the European Union are listed at http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm [1].
Links:
[1] http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm